European Alternatives to AWS and Azure

When it comes to cloud computing, Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Azure have long dominated the landscape with its massive infrastructure and comprehensive service offerings. Yet, an increasing number of businesses across Europe are reconsidering their cloud strategy. Privacy concerns, regulatory compliance requirements, and a growing emphasis on digital sovereignty are driving organizations to seek European-based cloud alternatives.

The Case for European Cloud Infrastructure

Companies are turning to European cloud providers for several compelling reasons that extend beyond simple geographic preference.

Data Protection and Regulatory Compliance: European cloud services naturally align with GDPR requirements, ensuring that sensitive information stays within EU borders and under European legal frameworks. This eliminates concerns about foreign laws like the U.S. CLOUD Act potentially accessing European data. Organizations handling personal information—particularly in healthcare, finance, and education—benefit significantly from this arrangement.

Enhanced Transparency: Regional providers typically provide clearer information about data center locations, processing methods, and security practices. Government agencies and public sector organizations find this level of visibility essential for maintaining accountability and meeting stringent compliance standards.

Economic Development: Choosing European cloud infrastructure means investing in the continent’s technological future. These decisions support local innovation, create jobs, and strengthen Europe’s position in the global digital economy.

Leading European Cloud Providers

OVHcloud (France)

OVHcloud, headquartered in Roubaix, France, represents one of Europe’s most established cloud infrastructure providers. The company delivers everything from bare-metal servers to comprehensive public and private cloud solutions. With data centers distributed throughout Europe, OVHcloud champions data sovereignty principles and actively participates in the GAIA-X initiative. The platform serves businesses of all sizes, from emerging startups to multinational corporations seeking European-based infrastructure.

Hetzner (Germany)

Based in Gunzenhausen, Germany, Hetzner has earned a strong reputation for delivering exceptional value. Developers and small-to-medium businesses particularly appreciate the provider’s straightforward pricing structure and intuitive management interface. The service excels for hosting projects, development environments, and scalable infrastructure needs without the complexity often associated with larger platforms.

Scaleway (France)

Operating from Paris, Scaleway brings a modern approach to cloud infrastructure. The platform runs on renewable energy sources and offers a clean, accessible user interface alongside services including Kubernetes orchestration, serverless computing, and object storage solutions. Technology-focused companies and development teams seeking flexibility within open standards frameworks find Scaleway particularly appealing.

Clever Cloud (France)

Nantes-based Clever Cloud takes a Platform-as-a-Service approach, automating DevOps workflows and providing automatic scaling capabilities. The platform prioritizes developer experience, making it ideal for teams wanting to deploy applications without managing underlying infrastructure complexity. This hands-off approach lets developers focus on building features rather than maintaining servers.

Deutsche Telekom / T-Systems (Germany)

Headquartered in Bonn, Deutsche Telekom’s cloud division targets enterprise customers with demanding security and compliance needs. The company collaborates with major technology partners to deliver sovereign cloud services specifically designed for large corporations, government institutions, and heavily regulated industries. T-Systems brings telecommunications infrastructure expertise to its cloud offerings, providing enterprise-grade reliability.

Understanding the GAIA-X Framework

GAIA-X represents the European Union’s ambitious vision for creating a federated cloud ecosystem built on principles of transparency, interoperability, and security. Rather than functioning as a direct service provider, GAIA-X establishes standards and frameworks that enable European cloud vendors to work together. This collaborative approach aims to present a unified alternative to the American and Asian cloud giants while maintaining European values around data protection and digital sovereignty.

Making the Switch to European Cloud Services

AWS undoubtedly offers extensive global reach and a mature ecosystem of services. However, European alternatives bring distinct advantages that matter increasingly to organizations operating within the EU. Regulatory alignment, transparent operations, and supporting regional economic development create a compelling value proposition beyond pure technical specifications.

Startups seeking cost-effective solutions with straightforward pricing will find providers like Hetzner particularly attractive. Government agencies requiring absolute control over data jurisdiction can leverage solutions from T-Systems or OVHcloud. Development teams wanting modern tooling and green infrastructure may gravitate toward Scaleway or Clever Cloud. The European cloud market has matured to the point where viable options exist for virtually every use case.

For organizations serious about data sovereignty, GDPR compliance, and supporting European digital independence, exploring these regional alternatives represents both a practical business decision and a strategic choice about the future of European technology infrastructure.

The bottom line: When it comes to cloud infrastructure, thinking European offers tangible benefits for privacy, compliance, and digital sovereignty.

Ecosia Alternatives: Sustainable or Privacy Search Engine

Ecosia is a popular search engine that aims to use its profits to plant trees and support sustainability efforts. While Ecosia has a strong focus on the environment, there are several other alternatives that offer unique features and support different causes. Here are some Ecosia alternatives to consider.

Ecosia Alternatives

Search For Trees

Search For Trees
Search For Trees also plants trees while searching online and uses Google instead of Bing. It also has a higher effective percentage that goes to tree planting.

As an alternative to Ecosia, Search For Trees emerges as a noteworthy option for environmentally conscious internet users. This search engine, also available as an iOS app and browser extension, uses the Google engine (Ecosia uses Bing).

It also uses a higher revenue percentage of 60% that goes to tree planting, whereas Ecosia uses about 20 to 30%. In collaboration with Trees for the Future, Search For Trees redirects a substantial portion of its advertising revenue to support global reforestation projects and sustainable agricultural practices.

With its commitment to transparency and a greater emphasis on environmental impact, Search For Trees stands out as a compelling choice for users seeking to make a substantial contribution to the planet with each online search.

DuckDuckGo

DuckDuckGo is a privacy-focused search engine that does not track its users and does not show targeted advertisements. In terms of sustainability, DuckDuckGo offsets its carbon emissions through the purchase of renewable energy credits and has a goal of becoming carbon neutral by 2030.

In addition to its focus on privacy and sustainability, DuckDuckGo also has a feature called “Bangs” that allows users to search specific websites directly from the search bar. For example, users can type “!amazon shoes” to search for shoes on Amazon, or “!youtube cat videos” to search for cat videos on YouTube.

TreeClicks

For those who want to plant trees while shopping online, the browser extension and app TreeClicks can be a helpful tool. TreeClicks partners with retailers and plants trees on the user’s behalf when they make a purchase. The app is available for both desktop and mobile and is free to use. TreeClicks has planted lots of trees so far and works with reforestation organizations to select the best areas to plant trees.

Tab For a Cause

Another way to plant trees while browsing the web is through the browser extension Tab For a Cause. Each time the user opens a new tab, a small donation is made to plant trees or support other environmental causes. The extension also provides users with a dashboard where they can track their impact and see the number of trees planted through their use of the extension. Tab For a Cause has planted over 9 million trees so far and works with reforestation organizations such as Trees for the Future and Eden Reforestation Projects.

Ocean Hero

Ocean Hero is a search engine that aims to combat plastic pollution by donating a portion of its profits to ocean conservation organizations. In addition to supporting ocean conservation efforts, Ocean Hero also has a feature that allows users to see the amount of plastic waste they have helped to prevent through their use of the search engine. This feature aims to educate users about the impact of plastic pollution and encourage more sustainable choices.

How Safe Is Ecosia?

As for the safety of Ecosia, it is important to note that the search engine claims not to sell or share user data with third parties. The company also has a privacy policy on their website that explains how they handle users’ personal information.

It is also good to know that Ecosia uses an SSL certificate to secure the connection between the user and the search engine. This means that when you enter information in Ecosia, this information is sent encrypted to the search engine. This is important to reduce the chance that hackers can eavesdrop on the information while it is being sent.

Ecosia is therefore a safe search engine to use, although the results are sometimes not as extensive as those of other search engines. If you are looking for a sustainable way to use the internet and at the same time contribute to reforestation projects, Ecosia is a good choice. However, if you are looking for specific information, it can sometimes be useful to use a different search engine.

How Good Is Ecosia?

Although Ecosia has a good cause and plants trees with every search, the search results are sometimes less extensive than those of other search engines, such as Google. This is because Ecosia uses the search results of Bing, which are sometimes less relevant than those of Google. So if you are looking for specific information, it can sometimes be useful to use a different search engine.

If you still want to use Google and still want to plant trees, you can also use the browser extension and app TreeClicks, that plants trees for you when you buy online from one of the 30,000+ affiliate partners. Or you can try Search For Trees, which is powered by the Google search engine and plants a higher percentage of its revenue to trees.

Summary

These Ecosia alternatives offer a range of features and support different causes, such as privacy, carbon neutrality, tree planting, and ocean conservation. Those interested in a more environmentally-friendly search engine or looking for ways to offset their carbon emissions or support other sustainability efforts may want to consider these alternatives. It is up to the individual user to determine which one aligns best with their values and needs.

  • Search For Trees: Search engine that plants trees for free with 60% of its revenue and uses Google as a search engine.
  • DuckDuckGo: A privacy-focused search engine that offsets its carbon emissions and has a goal of becoming carbon neutral by 2030.
  • TreeClicks: A browser extension and app that plants trees on the user’s behalf when they make a purchase from participating retailers.
  • Tab For a Cause: A browser extension that makes a small donation to plant trees or support other environmental causes each time the user opens a new tab.
  • Ocean Hero: A search engine that donates a portion of its profits to ocean conservation organizations and shows the amount of plastic waste the user has helped to prevent.

Fix YouTube ‘Too Many Attempts’ Phone Verification Error Fast

If you’ve tried to verify your YouTube channel using your phone number, you may have encountered a frustrating error message that says:

You have recently made too many attempts. Please try again later.

YouTube too many attempts message

I ran into this exact problem myself. After trying various solutions, I discovered what actually works to clear this block. Let me walk you through the issue and the method that finally resolved it for me.

Understanding Why YouTube Blocks Your Verification

Google displays this error when it detects unusual verification activity from your phone number. Essentially, the system flags your number as having been used excessively for verification purposes within a short timeframe.

Common scenarios that trigger this block include:

  • Requesting multiple verification codes within the same day
  • Attempting to verify multiple YouTube channels or Google accounts using one phone number
  • Continuously retrying after failed attempts without waiting

Once triggered, Google puts a temporary hold on verification requests from that phone number.

My Initial Failed Attempts

Like most people encountering this issue, I started with the obvious approach. After seeing the error, I waited roughly 24 hours before trying again. The same error appeared.

Thinking I just needed to wait longer, I gave it another full day—about 48 hours total. Still no luck. The identical error message kept showing up.

Clearly, “try again later” wasn’t specific enough, and random waiting periods weren’t cutting it.

The Solution: A Complete 72-Hour Break

After digging around online, I came across advice from someone on Reddit who had successfully resolved the issue. Their recommendation was straightforward but specific:

Wait a minimum of 72 hours and make absolutely no verification attempts during that period.

This complete break means:

  • No verification attempts on desktop, mobile, or any other device
  • No using that phone number for verification on any Google or YouTube account
  • Resisting the temptation to “just check” if it’s working yet

I decided to follow this advice exactly. I stopped all attempts entirely, stayed away from the verification page for a full three days, and then returned to try once more.

The result? The error disappeared, and I was able to verify my channel successfully.

How to Fix the “Too Many Attempts” Error

Based on what worked for me, here’s the process you should follow:

  1. Stop all verification attempts immediately.
    Exit the YouTube verification page and resist requesting any additional codes.
  2. Wait for a complete 72-hour period.
    Not one day, not two days—a full three days without any verification activity whatsoever.
  3. Avoid using your number on other accounts.
    Using the same phone number for verification on other Google services during this period can extend the block.
  4. Return after 72 hours and try once.
    Navigate to YouTube Settings, then Channel, then Feature eligibility, and attempt phone verification again.
  5. If the error persists, extend the wait or consider an alternative number.
    In rare cases, you might need to wait longer or use a different phone number entirely.

Additional Troubleshooting Options

If you’re still having issues after the 72-hour wait, try these alternatives:

  • Turn off any VPN service you might be using
  • Attempt verification in an incognito or private browsing window
  • Switch to a different web browser

Preventing This Error From Happening Again

Once you’ve successfully verified your channel, keep these practices in mind to avoid future blocks:

  • Limit verification code requests to one or two attempts maximum—don’t repeatedly click the send button
  • Ensure your phone has proper signal and can receive SMS messages or calls (check that airplane mode is off)
  • Use a legitimate mobile phone number rather than temporary or virtual numbers
  • Maintain consistency with the Google account and location settings when retrying

Final Thoughts

When YouTube shows you the You have recently made too many attempts. Please try again later. error during phone verification, the key is patience paired with complete inactivity.

The winning approach is simple: stop immediately, wait a full 72 hours without any verification attempts, then try one more time carefully.

This complete “cooldown period” is what resolved my issue after shorter waiting periods failed. If you’re dealing with this frustrating error right now, commit to the full three-day wait instead of repeatedly clicking that send button hoping for different results.

Proton Docs Review 2026: Private Document Editing With True Encryption

Microsoft 365 and Google Docs have become the default choices for online document editing and collaboration. Yet these convenience-focused tools come with a significant trade-off: your documents, ideas, and business communications are all visible to these tech corporations. For users who value privacy, this creates a difficult dilemma. Fortunately, Proton Docs offers a compelling solution – bringing end-to-end encryption to collaborative document editing. I’ve spent considerable time testing this privacy-first alternative, and here’s what I discovered.

What Makes Proton Docs Different

Proton Docs collaboration

Built by Swiss company Proton AG as part of their Proton Drive ecosystem, Proton Docs fundamentally reimagines online document collaboration. The defining characteristic is genuine end-to-end encryption – not just marketing language, but actual cryptographic protection that keeps your content private from everyone except your intended collaborators. Even Proton’s staff cannot decrypt or view your documents. This zero-knowledge architecture represents a radical departure from conventional cloud document platforms.

An Interface That Works

Proton Docs simple editor

Opening Proton Docs for the first time feels reassuringly familiar. The design philosophy prioritizes clarity without sacrificing capability. The toolbar provides exactly what most users need for typical document work: standard text formatting (bold, italic, underline), heading hierarchies, multiple list types, text alignment options, and more.

Core features available in the editor include:

  • Complete text styling and formatting controls
  • Multiple list formats (bulleted, numbered)
  • Hyperlink creation and editing
  • Image insertion
  • Commenting and suggestion modes
  • Version history tracking
  • Multiple export format support

Working With Structured Data

Proton Docs table

The platform does support table creation, enabling you to insert rows and columns, merge cells, and apply basic visual formatting. For presenting information in structured layouts or creating simple data displays within documents, these tables function perfectly well.

But here’s where we hit a significant constraint. These tables are fundamentally different from what you’d find in Excel or Google Sheets. There’s no formula support, no automatic calculations, no sorting or filtering mechanisms. You can’t create a SUM function or perform any dynamic data operations. These are presentation-focused tables designed purely for organizing content visually within documents.

This represents the clearest gap in the current offering and highlights why the forthcoming Proton Sheets product matters so much. Users who need actual spreadsheet functionality – data analysis, complex formulas, computational operations – won’t find what they need here yet.

Real-Time Teamwork Without Compromise

Where Proton Docs truly shines is collaborative editing. Multiple team members can work simultaneously in the same document, with changes reflected immediately and each person’s edits color-coded for easy identification. The experience matches the fluidity of Google Docs while maintaining complete privacy – something previously thought impossible.

Collaboration capabilities include:

  • Live simultaneous editing
  • Threaded commenting system
  • Suggestion mode for proposed changes
  • User-specific color coding
  • Comment notifications

Secure Sharing Without Friction

Proton Docs sharing is fine

One of the most practical aspects of Proton Docs is its straightforward sharing system. Generating secure sharing links requires only moments, and you maintain precise control over permissions: read-only access, commenting rights, or full editing capabilities. Time-limited access is also possible through expiration date settings.

Particularly noteworthy is that viewing shared documents doesn’t require a Proton account. While editors do need to create accounts, the free tier provides sufficient access for occasional contributors. This design choice eliminates a major barrier to adoption that many privacy-focused tools struggle with.

Privacy Built Into Every Layer

In our current digital landscape dominated by data harvesting, Proton Docs represents something genuinely different. The encryption architecture delivers:

  • Absolute privacy from Proton employees and systems
  • Protection from data mining for advertising purposes or AI training
  • Coverage under Swiss privacy laws, among the world’s strongest
  • Zero-knowledge design ensuring only you control access

This makes the platform especially valuable for sensitive contexts: confidential business planning, legal documentation, investigative journalism, or simply anyone who believes privacy should be the default rather than a premium feature. Those interested in privacy-focused services might also want to explore other European mail providers or check available Proton deals and coupons for broader privacy suite access.

Speed and Cross-Platform Reliability

You might assume that end-to-end encryption would create noticeable performance problems, but Proton Docs defies this expectation. Documents load rapidly, autosave operates reliably in the background, and even substantial documents maintain good responsiveness. Synchronization across devices works seamlessly – begin drafting on your laptop and continue editing on your phone without any friction.

What’s Still Missing

Besides the obvious spreadsheet gap, power users will notice several absent features:

  • Advanced formatting options and professional templates
  • Sophisticated chart and visualization tools
  • Automation through macros or scripting
  • Third-party service integrations
  • Offline-capable desktop applications

The Bottom Line

Proton Docs successfully proves that strong privacy and practical collaboration can coexist. For typical document creation and team editing workflows, the feature set covers most needs effectively. The collaboration experience genuinely rivals mainstream alternatives while maintaining the kind of privacy that major tech platforms simply cannot offer.

What makes this tool significant isn’t just what it does today, but what it represents for the future. The ability to collaborate securely and share documents confidently without surrendering privacy to corporate surveillance infrastructure is genuinely valuable. While current limitations exist – most notably the lack of true spreadsheet functionality pending Proton Sheets – the foundation is solid and growing. For those concerned about digital privacy, exploring Proton Unlimited options might provide comprehensive privacy tool access at better value.

Key Advantages:

  • Genuine end-to-end encryption protecting all content
  • Fluid real-time collaboration features
  • Intuitive, uncluttered interface
  • Excellent cross-device synchronization
  • Document viewing without account requirements
  • Swiss privacy law jurisdiction

Notable Limitations:

  • Tables lack calculation and formula capabilities
  • No spreadsheet solution yet (awaiting Proton Sheets)
  • Limited template library and advanced formatting
  • Feature set smaller than established platforms

For anyone who prioritizes privacy without wanting to sacrifice core productivity capabilities, Proton Docs deserves serious consideration. As the platform matures and expands with promised additions like Proton Sheets, it’s becoming an increasingly viable alternative to mainstream options. This is a meaningful step toward a digital future where privacy and productivity aren’t opposing choices but complementary features.

Proton Sheets Review 2026: Privacy-First Spreadsheet Launch

Privacy-conscious users have something to celebrate: Proton AG has officially released its long-awaited spreadsheet application. Proton Sheets brings end-to-end encrypted spreadsheet capabilities to the Proton ecosystem, filling a crucial void that existed when Proton Docs couldn’t handle complex calculations and data analysis. After thorough hands-on testing, I’m ready to share my comprehensive thoughts on this privacy-first spreadsheet tool.

Understanding Proton’s New Spreadsheet Solution

Swiss privacy champion Proton AG has expanded its Drive offering with Proton Sheets, a fully encrypted spreadsheet application that brings serious number-crunching power to privacy advocates. Unlike the basic table features in Proton Docs, this dedicated spreadsheet tool delivers genuine formula support, data analysis features, and calculation capabilities—all while maintaining zero-knowledge encryption that keeps your financial records, business data, and sensitive calculations completely private.

The timing couldn’t be better, especially for those seeking privacy-focused alternatives to mainstream productivity tools. If you’re already invested in the Proton ecosystem, you might want to check out available Proton Deals and Coupons to maximize your savings.

The User Experience: Instantly Recognizable

Launching Proton Sheets feels remarkably comfortable for anyone who’s spent time with Google Sheets or Microsoft Excel. The interface design prioritizes clarity and simplicity, presenting a well-organized toolbar that houses all the essential spreadsheet tools you’d expect. Navigation between cells feels fluid and natural, with the grid responding smoothly to your inputs.

What truly impresses is how Proton achieves this seamless experience without compromising encryption. Despite all processing happening client-side to maintain privacy, the application remains surprisingly responsive and quick.

Crunching Numbers: Formula Capabilities That Matter

Here’s where the application truly distinguishes itself from basic document tables. The formula library is extensive and practical, covering:

  • Core mathematical operations like SUM, AVERAGE, COUNT, MIN, and MAX
  • Logical functions including IF, AND, OR, and NOT statements
  • Text processing and manipulation tools
  • Date and time calculation functions
  • Financial calculation tools for business needs
  • Lookup and reference capabilities

During my testing sessions, formulas performed reliably and swiftly. The formula bar offers intelligent autocomplete suggestions, and cell references automatically adjust when you reorganize your data—exactly as they should in a professional spreadsheet application.

Organizing Your Data Effectively

Data management features represent a significant upgrade from what Proton Docs offered. The Data menu houses essential spreadsheet functionality: sorting capabilities, filter management, and data validation controls that ensure accuracy and consistency.

These tools function intuitively. Whether you’re organizing columns alphabetically or numerically, applying filters to isolate specific data segments, or establishing validation rules to maintain data integrity, everything works as expected. For teams handling inventory systems, project databases, or financial tracking sheets, these capabilities are fundamental requirements.

Working Together: Collaboration Features

Sharing and collaboration mirror the straightforward approach found in Proton Docs. You can share spreadsheets with specific individuals or generate public links with granular permission settings—choose between viewer, commenter, or editor access levels. The sharing interface is user-friendly, providing clear visibility into who has access to your documents.

An important accessibility feature: viewing shared spreadsheets doesn’t require a Proton account. For editing privileges, only a free Proton account is needed, lowering barriers to collaborative work while preserving security standards.

Making Your Spreadsheets Look Professional

The application provides robust formatting capabilities without overwhelming complexity:

  • Typography controls: font families, sizes, and color options
  • Cell styling: background colors and border configurations
  • Number presentation: currency formats, percentages, and date styles
  • Text positioning: alignment and wrapping controls
  • Cell management: merging capabilities
  • Grid adjustments: custom column widths and row heights

These formatting options strike a good balance, providing enough flexibility to create polished, professional-looking spreadsheets without unnecessary complication.

The Privacy Advantage: Why This Matters

Proton Sheets distinguishes itself fundamentally through its privacy architecture. End-to-end encryption protects every spreadsheet, which means:

  • Zero access for Proton staff to your data
  • Complete confidentiality for financial records
  • No advertising-driven data harvesting
  • No training AI models on your business information
  • Swiss privacy law protections apply
  • Zero-knowledge encryption ensures absolute confidentiality

For organizations managing sensitive financial information, personal budget data, confidential client records, or proprietary business calculations, this privacy level is transformative. Those interested in privacy-focused alternatives might also explore other Mail Providers From Europe & EU that prioritize data protection.

Speed and Dependability

Client-side encryption typically introduces performance overhead, but Proton Sheets handles it remarkably well. Spreadsheets open quickly, formulas execute without perceptible delays, and even moderately sized datasets maintain responsiveness. Automatic saving operates reliably in the background, eliminating the risk of lost work.

Cross-platform synchronization works flawlessly—edits made on your desktop computer immediately appear on mobile devices, and vice versa.

What’s Missing (For Now)

While impressively capable, Proton Sheets does have limitations compared to established platforms:

  • Visualization options remain limited—fewer chart types available
  • No support for macros or scripting automation
  • Function library is smaller than Excel’s extensive collection
  • Pivot table functionality hasn’t been implemented yet
  • Template library is relatively sparse
  • No third-party integration ecosystem or add-ons

That said, for most everyday spreadsheet tasks—budgeting, tracking, basic analysis, and financial planning—Proton Sheets delivers everything necessary.

Completing the Privacy-First Office Suite

This launch directly addresses the biggest shortcoming of Proton Docs. While Proton Docs handles text documents and simple tables admirably, it couldn’t manage computational spreadsheet work. Now, users have access to a comprehensive office suite where privacy isn’t compromised.

You can draft documents in Proton Docs, manage budgets and calculations in Proton Sheets, and collaborate across both platforms—all with complete confidence in your data privacy. For those seeking comprehensive privacy solutions, exploring Proton Unlimited Discount + Coupons might provide access to the full suite at reduced cost.

Cost and Access

Every Proton Drive plan includes Proton Sheets access, even the free tier. This means you can immediately start using encrypted spreadsheets without financial commitment. Paid plans provide expanded storage capacity and additional features for demanding users and collaborative teams.

The Bottom Line: Privacy Without Compromise

Proton Sheets marks a meaningful achievement in privacy-respecting productivity software. It successfully delivers practical spreadsheet functionality while maintaining Proton’s steadfast dedication to encryption and user privacy.

For individuals and organizations prioritizing data privacy, Proton Sheets presents a genuine alternative to Google Sheets and Microsoft Excel Online. While it may not replicate every advanced feature these mature platforms offer, it provides sufficient functionality for typical spreadsheet applications—financial tracking, budget management, data organization, and analytical work.

Together with Proton Docs, this creates a privacy-respecting office suite that genuinely competes with mainstream options. They demonstrate conclusively that productivity and privacy can coexist.

Key Advantages:

  • Full end-to-end encryption protecting all spreadsheet data
  • Extensive formula and function library
  • Effective data sorting and filtering tools
  • Familiar interface that spreadsheet users will recognize immediately
  • Straightforward collaboration and sharing capabilities
  • Viewing shared sheets requires no account
  • Strong performance despite encryption processing
  • Swiss privacy law jurisdiction
  • Free tier access available

Current Drawbacks:

  • Chart and visualization options are limited
  • Pivot tables not yet available
  • Some advanced Excel-equivalent functions absent
  • No macro or automation scripting
  • Template selection is limited

For anyone seeking a privacy-respecting alternative to conventional spreadsheet tools, Proton Sheets represents an excellent choice. Combined with Proton Docs, it establishes a complete office environment where privacy and productivity merge seamlessly. This signals what digital work should look like: powerful, collaborative, and genuinely private.

European Alternatives to Android: Reclaiming Digital Sovereignty

For over a decade, the mobile landscape has been a duopoly. If you aren’t using Apple’s iOS, you are almost certainly using Google’s Android. However, in the European Union, a growing movement toward “Digital Sovereignty” and strict GDPR enforcement has fueled the development of mobile operating systems that respect user privacy and data ownership.

Europe is currently the hub for the “De-Googling” movement. Whether you are a privacy advocate, an open-source enthusiast, or simply tired of Big Tech surveillance, here are the top European alternatives to the standard Android ecosystem available in 2025.

1. /e/OS (France)

Perhaps the most consumer-ready alternative on this list is /e/OS. Created by Gaël Duval (the founder of Mandrake Linux), this project is managed by the non-profit e Foundation based in France.

What is it?

/e/OS is technically a “fork” of Android (via LineageOS), but it has been surgically scrubbed of all Google services. It replaces Google Play Services with its own implementation, meaning you can still run most Android apps, but your location and usage data aren’t being beamed back to Mountain View.

Key Features:

  • Advanced Privacy: Includes a built-in tracker blocker that shows you exactly which apps are trying to spy on you.
  • Murena Cloud: A European-hosted alternative to Google Drive/iCloud for syncing contacts, photos, and mail.
  • App Lounge: An anonymous app store that pulls apps from the Play Store without requiring a Google account.

Hardware: You can buy phones with /e/OS pre-installed from Murena, or flash it onto supported devices manually.

2. Sailfish OS (Finland)

Born from the ashes of Nokia’s abandoned Meego project, Sailfish OS is developed by the Finnish company Jolla. It is a true survivor in the mobile space and offers a distinct user experience that relies heavily on gestures rather than buttons.

What is it?

Unlike /e/OS, Sailfish is a true Linux-based operating system, not an Android fork. However, it includes a proprietary compatibility layer called AppSupport that allows it to run Android applications smoothly.

Key Features:

  • True Multitasking: Shows live, running apps on a grid layout, allowing you to control music or view status without opening the app fully.
  • Gesture UI: The interface is designed to be navigated with one hand using swipes and pulls.
  • Regional Licensing: Jolla has focused heavily on government and corporate security sectors in Europe, making it a trusted OS for privacy.

Hardware: Sailfish X is available as a downloadable license for specific Sony Xperia devices.

3. Ubuntu Touch (Germany/International)

Managed by the UBports Foundation (based in Germany), Ubuntu Touch keeps the dream of the “Linux Phone” alive. It is a community-driven project that emphasizes “Convergence”—the idea that your phone should be able to double as your desktop computer.

What is it?

This is a mobile version of the popular Ubuntu Linux distribution. It does not natively run Android apps (though a compatibility container called Waydroid exists for advanced users). It relies on “Web Apps” and native Linux applications.

Key Features:

  • Convergence: Plug your phone into a monitor, mouse, and keyboard, and the interface transforms into a full desktop experience.
  • Scopes: A unique interface that aggregates content from different sources directly on the home screen, reducing the need to open individual apps.
  • Open Source Purity: It is one of the most transparent and open operating systems available.

Hardware: Supported on the Volla Phone and various older Android devices (Pixel 3a, OnePlus 6, etc.).

4. PostmarketOS (Community)

While not a corporate entity, the PostmarketOS community has a massive European developer base. Their goal is sustainability: extending the life of smartphones to ten years or more to reduce e-waste.

Based on Alpine Linux, this is for the enthusiast. It is lightweight, secure, and brings a true desktop Linux experience to mobile hardware. It is often the OS of choice for users of the PinePhone.

The Hardware Connection: European Phones

Software needs hardware to run. If you want a fully European experience, you should pair these operating systems with European hardware manufacturers:

  • Fairphone (Netherlands): The gold standard for repairable, ethical electronics. Fairphones work exceptionally well with /e/OS and Ubuntu Touch.
  • Volla Phone (Germany): Manufactured by Hallo Welt Systeme, these phones are designed specifically to run alternative operating systems like Ubuntu Touch and Volla OS (an Android-AOSP variant).
  • Shiftphone (Germany): Another modular, repairable phone brand that supports the de-Googled ecosystem.

Conclusion

Moving away from Android and iOS is no longer just a dream for tech wizards. With the European Union enforcing the Digital Markets Act (DMA), which forces tech giants to open up their ecosystems, alternatives like /e/OS and Sailfish are becoming more viable every day.

If you value privacy and want to break free from the data-harvesting duopoly, 2025 is a great year to try a European mobile operating system.

Proton Unlimited Discount + Coupons: Save Big on Privacy Suite

Proton Unlimited is already one of the best privacy deals in the tech industry—but when combined with seasonal discounts and exclusive coupons, it becomes an unbeatable value proposition. This all-in-one bundle from the Swiss privacy company gives you access to encrypted email, VPN, cloud storage, a calendar, and a password manager for a fraction of what you’d pay for similar services separately. In this guide, we’ll explore the current Proton Unlimited discounts, available coupons, and why this plan represents exceptional value even at its regular price.

Proton Unlimited Discount Overview

Proton Unlimited already offers remarkable value by bundling five premium services into a single subscription. When discounts are applied, the deal becomes even more compelling. Here’s what you need to know about current savings opportunities:

  • Annual Plans: Up to 40-50% off during promotional periods
  • Two-Year Plans: Additional savings with longer commitments – not always available. Sometimes as a paying customer it shows up.
  • Seasonal Promotions: Black Friday, Cyber Monday, and holiday sales offer the deepest discounts
  • New Customer Coupons: First-time subscribers occasionally receive exclusive coupon codes
  • Referral Bonuses: Existing users can share referral links for additional months free

Every Proton plan comes with a 30-day money-back guarantee, allowing you to test the full suite risk-free before committing long-term.

Proton Discount

Why Proton Unlimited Is Already a Bargain

Even without discounts, Proton Unlimited delivers exceptional value. At its standard price of around €9.99 per month (when billed annually), you receive five premium services that would cost significantly more if purchased separately from different providers.

Consider the typical cost of equivalent services from other providers: a premium VPN alone usually costs €8-12/month, encrypted email services charge €3-5/month, secure cloud storage runs €5-10/month for 500GB, and password managers cost €2-4/month. Proton Unlimited gives you all of this plus an encrypted calendar for less than you’d pay for just two of these services elsewhere.

What’s included with Proton Unlimited?

  • Proton VPN Plus with 6,500+ servers in 112+ countries and advanced features
  • Proton Mail Plus with 15 email addresses and custom domain support
  • 500 GB Proton Drive encrypted cloud storage with automatic photo backup
  • Proton Calendar with end-to-end encryption for all events
  • Proton Pass Premium password manager with unlimited hide-my-email aliases
  • Priority customer support and early access to new features
  • Family plan options to share with up to 6 users
  • Swiss privacy protection under some of the world’s strongest data laws
  • Open-source and audited code for maximum transparency

The bottom line: Proton Unlimited consolidates your entire digital privacy ecosystem into one affordable subscription. Instead of managing multiple accounts, payments, and privacy policies across different providers, you get everything from a single trusted source with a proven track record of protecting user data.

View Current Proton Unlimited Discounts →

How to Find and Apply Proton Unlimited Coupons

Proton occasionally releases coupon codes that provide additional savings on top of standard pricing. These coupons are most common during major promotional periods but can also appear through partnerships, newsletters, and special campaigns. Here’s how to maximize your savings with Proton Unlimited coupons.

Where to find valid coupons

  • Official Proton website banners during promotional periods
  • Proton newsletter subscribers receive exclusive offers via email
  • Social media channels where Proton announces flash sales and limited-time codes
  • Partner websites and privacy-focused tech blogs featuring special discount links
  • Seasonal sale pages like Black Friday and Cyber Monday dedicated promotional hubs
  • Referral programs where both referrer and new customer receive credits
  • Student and educator discounts through verification programs

Pro tip: The deepest discounts typically appear during Black Friday in November, with savings of up to 50% off annual and two-year Proton Unlimited subscriptions. Setting a calendar reminder for late November can help you catch these premium deals.

Comparing Proton Unlimited to Individual Plans

One of the most common questions is whether to subscribe to Proton Unlimited or purchase individual services separately. The math strongly favors the Unlimited plan in almost every scenario, even if you only plan to use two or three of the included services.

Cost breakdown comparison

  • Proton VPN Plus alone: €9.99/month (annually)
  • Proton Mail Plus alone: €4.99/month (annually)
  • Proton Drive Plus (200GB) alone: €3.99/month (annually)
  • Proton Pass Plus alone: €1.99/month (annually)
  • Total if purchased separately: €20.96/month
  • Proton Unlimited: €9.99/month (regularly) or as low as €4.99/month with discounts

Savings calculation: Proton Unlimited saves you over 50% compared to buying services individually, and you receive 500GB of storage instead of the 200GB available with Drive Plus alone. If you use even two Proton services, Unlimited becomes the obvious choice financially.

Maximizing Value: Who Benefits Most from Proton Unlimited?

While Proton Unlimited offers outstanding value for almost everyone, certain user groups will find it particularly advantageous. Understanding whether you fall into these categories can help you decide if this plan is right for you.

  • Privacy-conscious professionals: Journalists, lawyers, activists, and others handling sensitive information need the complete privacy toolkit
  • Digital nomads and remote workers: Frequent travelers benefit from VPN protection, secure cloud access, and reliable encrypted communication
  • Small business owners: Professional email with custom domains, secure file sharing, and team collaboration features without surveillance
  • Families: The Family plan extends Unlimited benefits to up to 6 users, making it incredibly cost-effective per person
  • Tech enthusiasts: Those who value open-source software, transparency, and cutting-edge privacy technology
  • Former Big Tech users: Anyone looking to completely migrate away from Google, Microsoft, or Apple services to privacy-respecting alternatives

Real-world use case: A freelancer using Proton Unlimited can conduct client video calls via calendar scheduling, share large encrypted files through Drive, manage business emails with a custom domain, secure public WiFi connections with VPN, and protect login credentials with Pass—all within one integrated ecosystem that respects privacy.

Conclusion: Is Proton Unlimited Worth the Investment?

Absolutely—and it’s worth emphasizing that Proton Unlimited is an exceptional value even at full price. When you factor in seasonal discounts and coupons, it becomes one of the smartest investments you can make in digital privacy and security. For roughly the cost of a single premium VPN subscription elsewhere, you receive a complete privacy suite backed by Swiss data protection laws and a company with a proven commitment to user rights.


Check Current Proton Unlimited Discounts →

European VPN Providers 2026: The Best Options for Privacy, Performance & Everyday Use

Online tracking, data leaks, and insecure public Wi-Fi have become part of everyday internet use. A Virtual Private Network (VPN) helps protect your connection by encrypting your traffic, hiding your IP address, and improving security when browsing on the go.

If you care about European standards such as transparency, data protection culture, and clearly identifiable companies, European VPN providers are often an attractive choice. Many users prefer VPNs based in Europe not because Europe is automatically “better,” but because the regulatory environment and consumer expectations tend to be more predictable and privacy-focused than in some offshore jurisdictions.

Below is a practical overview of well-known European VPN providers, with a focus on Proton VPN (Switzerland), Mullvad (Sweden), and Surfshark (Netherlands), plus a few additional European alternatives.

1) Proton VPN: Swiss Privacy Ecosystem with a Strong European Focus

Proton VPN

Proton VPN, based in Switzerland, is often seen as a premium European VPN. It combines polished apps, a strong reputation, and a clear privacy-first philosophy. Recently, Proton has also started distributing parts of its infrastructure across Europe, including locations such as Germany and Norway, which is appealing to users who value European server and infrastructure diversity.

Best suited for

  • Users who want a well-established VPN with a strong privacy reputation
  • Those who prefer European infrastructure and long-term stability
  • People looking for a broader privacy-focused product ecosystem

2) Mullvad VPN: Swedish Minimalism and Maximum Privacy

Mullvad is a Sweden-based VPN that has built a strong reputation for radical simplicity and data minimization. Instead of traditional accounts, users receive a randomly generated account number, allowing them to use the service with minimal personal information.

Best suited for

  • Users who prioritize anonymity and minimal data collection
  • Those who prefer a no-nonsense, technically solid VPN
  • People who want privacy without marketing extras or upselling

3) Surfshark: Netherlands-Based VPN for Everyday Use

Surfshark is headquartered in the Netherlands and is a popular European option for users who want an easy-to-use VPN with many features. It is especially attractive for households and multi-device users thanks to its convenient apps and broad compatibility.

Best suited for

  • Users who want a VPN that “just works” across many devices
  • Those interested in streaming, travel, and general everyday protection
  • People who want an EU-based company without extreme technical complexity

4) Other European VPN Providers Worth Mentioning

In addition to the providers above, several other European VPN services may be a good fit depending on your needs:

  • F-Secure VPN (Finland): a solid choice for users who want simple, reliable protection, especially on public Wi-Fi.
  • Goose VPN (Netherlands): a user-friendly option often chosen for basic multi-device use.

How to Choose the Right European VPN

The “best” VPN depends on how you plan to use it. When comparing European VPN providers, consider the following factors:

  • Privacy and transparency: clear company information, understandable policies, and ideally independent audits.
  • Performance: good European server coverage and modern protocols such as WireGuard.
  • Ease of use: reliable apps, kill switch, DNS leak protection, and simple setup.
  • Use case: travel, streaming, remote work, or public Wi-Fi security.

Check If You Are Using a VPN

If you want to quickly check whether a VPN is currently active, you can use this tool: VPN Detection Test. These tools are not perfect, but they can give a rough indication.

You can also explore their guide to IP-hiding services. Regardless of the provider, always enable important features such as a kill switch and DNS leak protection.

Summary

Our top European VPN picks include:

  • Proton VPN (Switzerland): a strong all-rounder with an expanding European infrastructure
  • Mullvad (Sweden): excellent for anonymity and minimal data collection
  • Surfshark (Netherlands): a feature-rich, user-friendly VPN for everyday use

More European VPN providers can be found in this overview. Detect if you’re using a VPN here.

Conclusion

European VPN providers are a strong choice for users who value transparency, clear jurisdiction, and a privacy-focused mindset. Proton VPN stands out as a versatile premium option, Mullvad appeals to users who want maximum anonymity, and Surfshark offers a comfortable, feature-rich experience for everyday use. Choose the provider that best matches your needs—and don’t forget to enable essential security features.

Fix macOS Sierra Install Error: “No Bag Entry”

If you are trying to install or reinstall macOS Sierra and keep running into the “No bag entry” error, you are not alone. This issue most commonly appears when starting a reinstall from the macOS Utilities or Recovery environment. While the message looks serious, it is usually easy to fix.

Contents

  • What causes the “No bag entry” error?
  • Solution 1: Sync the system time with Apple’s servers
  • Solution 2: Manually set the system date
  • Fixing install errors in macOS Recovery
  • Conclusion

What causes the “No bag entry” error?

In most cases, this error is related to an incorrect system date or a failed verification between the installer and Apple’s servers. Common reasons include:

  • The Mac’s date and time are incorrect
  • The installer cannot authenticate with Apple due to a time mismatch
  • Temporary network issues or problems on Apple’s side

Correcting the system date and time usually resolves the issue.

Before you start: Open Terminal from the Utilities menu and make sure your Mac is connected to the internet.

Solution 1: Sync time using Apple’s NTP server

The easiest method is to synchronize your Mac’s clock with Apple’s Network Time Protocol (NTP) servers. This does not work in every situation, but it is a good first step.

Steps

  1. Check your internet connection
    Connect to Wi-Fi using the menu in the top-right corner of the macOS Utilities screen, or ensure your Ethernet cable is plugged in.
  2. Open Terminal
    From the menu bar, choose Utilities → Terminal.
  3. Run the sync command
    ntpdate -u time.apple.com
    This command updates your Mac’s clock using Apple’s time server.
  4. Close Terminal and retry the installation
    If the error persists, continue with the next solution.

Solution 2: Manually set the system date

If automatic time syncing fails, setting the date manually is usually reliable.

Steps

  1. Ensure internet access
  2. Open Terminal
    Go to Utilities → Terminal.
  3. Set the date manually
    Example command:
    date -u 0311102625
    This sets the system time to March 11, 2025, at 10:26 UTC. Adjust the values as needed.

Date format explained:

  • MM – Month
  • DD – Day
  • hhmm – Hour and minute
  • YY – Year

Fixing install errors in macOS Recovery

When reinstalling macOS from the Recovery partition, you may instead see the message:

“An error occurred while preparing the installation. Try running this application again.”

This often happens if the Mac has not been used for a long time and the system date has reset—sometimes as far back as 2001.

Check the current system date

In macOS Recovery, open Terminal and run:

date

The output shows the date currently set on the system. If it is incorrect, you will need to update it.

Set the correct date using UTC

Use the following command structure:

date -u MMDDhhmmYY

All values must be two digits and should be entered using UTC time to avoid timezone issues.

Example:
December 29, 2025 at 09:30 local time equals 08:30 UTC. The correct command would be:

date -u 1229083025

After running the command, verify the change by entering date again. Once the time is correct, quit Terminal and retry the macOS installation.

For additional background, you can read the original guide here:
Changing system date from Terminal – OS X Recovery

Conclusion

The “No bag entry” error and related installation failures are usually caused by an incorrect system date. Start by syncing the time with Apple’s servers. If that does not work, manually set the date using Terminal—especially when working from macOS Recovery.

Once the system clock is correct, macOS Sierra should install without further issues.

If this guide helped you—or if you found another solution—feel free to share your experience in the comments.

Proton Deals and Coupons 2026: Our Codes & Tips

Proton, the Swiss privacy-focused technology company, is rolling out some of the most impressive Black Friday deals of the year. With discounts of up to 75% on Proton VPN and 60% on the rest of its privacy suite, this is an excellent opportunity to switch to secure, encrypted alternatives to Google and Microsoft. Below, we break down the available deals and explain who they’re best suited for.

Proton Black Friday Deals – Overview

During Black Friday, Proton offers significant discounts across its full range of privacy-first tools. Here’s a quick overview of the most important deals:

All plans include a 30-day money-back guarantee, so you can try everything risk-free.

Proton Discount

Proton VPN: The Biggest Black Friday Discount (75%)

Proton VPN is the standout deal this Black Friday, offering an impressive 75% discount on the 2-year Plus plan. This lowers the price to just €2.49 per month (billed as €59.76 for 24 months), and you also receive 6 extra months free.

The 1-year Plus plan is also discounted by 60%, bringing the price down to €3.99 per month.

What’s included with Proton VPN Plus?

  • 15,800+ servers in 126 countries for global access
  • Secure Core routing for an extra privacy layer via Switzerland
  • NetShield ad & malware blocker
  • VPN Accelerator for faster connections (up to 400%)
  • Up to 10 simultaneous devices
  • P2P & torrent support
  • Streaming-optimized servers (Netflix, Disney+, BBC iPlayer)
  • Tor over VPN for advanced anonymity
  • Open-source & independently audited

Why choose Proton VPN? Unlike many competitors, Proton VPN operates under a proven no-logs policy that has held up in court. Based in Switzerland, Proton benefits from some of the strongest privacy laws in the world—outside EU and US surveillance jurisdictions.

View Proton VPN Black Friday Deal →

Proton Mail: Encrypted Email (60% Off)

Proton Mail is the world’s most widely used encrypted email service and is now available with a 60% Black Friday discount on Mail Plus plans. Thanks to end-to-end encryption, even Proton itself cannot read your emails.

Mail Plus highlights

  • Up to 15 email addresses
  • Support for 3 custom domains
  • 500 GB total storage (Mail + Drive)
  • Advanced filters and labels
  • Hide-my-email aliases
  • Encrypted Proton Calendar
  • Priority customer support

Ideal for: freelancers, small businesses, journalists, and anyone who wants a Gmail alternative without ads, tracking, or AI scanning.

Proton Drive: Encrypted Cloud Storage (60% Off)

Proton Drive is also discounted by 60%. The Drive Plus plan includes 200 GB of fully encrypted storage—ideal for documents, backups, and photos.

Key features

  • End-to-end encryption for all files
  • Automatic photo backups
  • Password-protected file sharing
  • File version history
  • Cross-platform support

Important: Unlike Google Drive or Dropbox, Proton Drive does not scan or use your data for AI training. Only you can access your files.

Proton Unlimited: Best Overall Value (50% Off)

For most users, the Proton Unlimited plan offers the best value. With 50% off, you get every premium Proton service in one bundle.

  • Proton VPN Plus
  • Proton Mail Plus
  • Proton Drive (500 GB)
  • Proton Calendar
  • Proton Pass

Black Friday price: approximately €4.99 per month with annual billing (regularly €9.99/month).

Best for: anyone planning to use more than one Proton service. You get the full privacy ecosystem for less than the normal cost of the VPN alone.

Conclusion: Is Proton’s Black Friday Deal Worth It?

Absolutely. Proton’s Black Friday deals rank among the strongest privacy offers of the year. With up to 75% off Proton VPN and 60% off the rest of the suite, now is the ideal moment to move away from Big Tech and take control of your digital privacy.


View all Proton Black Friday deals →